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The platinum group metals or PGMs are a cluster of six transition metals on the periodic table. They are noble and precious metals with chemical and physical properties similar to that of platinum and occurring in the same ore deposits. The platinum group metals are rare, durable, useful, and highly valuable.
The Talnakhskoye ore body contains an estimated 4500 tons of PGMs at a PGE grade of ≈4.6 g/t. The Oktyabrskoye ore body contains an estimated 5700 tons of PGMs at a grade of ≈4.5 g/t and also accounts for almost 50% of the nickel production. Norilsk-1 deposit contains 1800 tons of PGMs at a grade of 6.6 g/t.
(PGMs) from pristine (unweathered) sulfide ores has con-ventionally been conducted through froth flotation, which typically achieves platinum recoveries of over 85%. The achieved …
The current strategy reports the recovery of precious group metals (PGMs) from Na 2 CO 3 roast of Saudi Arabian ophiolitic chromite ore at 1160 °C under atmospheric O 2.The influence of roasting temperature (960–1200 °C) and leaching agents (H 2 O, HCl, H 2 SO 4) and their concentrations on the recovery of PGMs was studied.Chromite roast concentrates a …
Pieces of rock sample were visually selected for further processing among the larger ore sample with a graphite content of 10–20 %. Before crushing, the larger pieces were first broken into pieces of approximately 30–60 mm in size using a uniaxial compression test machine, and then these smaller pieces were randomly divided into five different piles for …
It is predicted that 195–307 t or 52–478 t of PGMs can be recovered from SAC annually according to the consumption of PGMs in automotive catalysts or the recoverable PGMs amount in the new ...
Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review An International Journal Volume 37, 2016 - Issue 1. Submit an article Journal homepage. 4,140 Views 114 CrossRef citations to date ... Graphite ore is mostly beneficiated using flotation separation techniques. The increasing demand for high-grade graphite products with up to 99.99% carbon has ...
PGM ore from the MSZ is shown in Table I. Table I shows that the oxidized PGM ore contained much more sperrylite (PtAs 2) and cooperite combined with palladium and nickel sulphides with the general formula ((Pt,Pd,Ni)S) and significantly lower (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides compared to the pristine ore sample, which indicates its altered nature.
Six metals, all of them silvery-white in appearance, make up the suite of platinum group metals (PGMs) These metals occur together in PGM-bearing ore; South Africa's Bushveld Complex hosts approximately 80% of PGM-bearing ore; PGMs are indispensable in many industrial applications including in computer hard disks, mobile phones and glass ...
The major portion of platinum and palladium produced today from primary sources originates from the Bushveld Igneous Complex in South Africa. The most important reefs mined are the Merensky, Upper Group Two (UG-2) and Platreef (Cramer, 2001).Ore grades range from 3 to 8 g/t PGM, with associated nickel and copper in the 0.1–0.2% range present mainly as …
Pyrometallurgical processes are a primary method to recover PGMs from spent catalyst.3 In general, they can be divided into three groups: smelting, chlorination, and sintering processes. Smelting Process. The smelting process is the mostly commonly employed approach for concentrating PGMs in many companies with advanced metallurgical and refining …
Platinic metals group (PGMs) it is a group containing 6 chemical elements which have similar physical and chemical properties. This group is also divided into three different …
polymeric functionalised resin containing the tetraethylenepentamine group. ... (PGMs) (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum) occur naturally in the Earth's crust at very low concentrations. These metals, and their compounds, are very rare and their contents are in the order of tenths of ng.g-1 rock, with the exception of ...
The Thaba JV will treat a combination of about 50 000 t a month of RoM ore and 16 000 t a month of historical chrome tailings dump material from LMC's Thaba mine, and will produce about 13 000 ...
extraction and processing until relatively recently. UG-2 MineralOGY hOst MineralOGY UG-2 ore contains two dominant suites of mineralisation: chromite and aluminium silicate-based mineralisation. The feed to Impala's UG-2 plant contains 22 - 24% Cr 2 O 3, or roughly 50% chromite. The aluminium silicate mineralisation includes primary
The Talnakhskoye ore body contains an estimated 4500 tons of PGMs at a PGE grade of ≈4.6 g/t. The Oktyabrskoye ore body contains an estimated 5700 tons of PGMs at a grade of ≈4.5 g/t and also accounts for almost 50% of the nickel production. Norilsk-1 deposit contains 1800 tons of PGMs at a grade of 6.6 g/t.
In the past several decades, many technologies to recover platinum group metals (PGMs) and rhenium (Re) from electronic waste and spent catalysts have been developed and published. The reasons for the rising interest in this area are: (1) The abundance of these elements in the earth's crust is < 10−3 ppm (~ 6.6 × 104 tons worldwide); (2) global demand for PGMs is > 590 tons; …
The authors describe the opportunities of low-grade sulfide ores and mine waste processing with heap and bacterial leaching methods. By the example of gold and silver ores, we analyzed specific issues and processing technologies for heap leaching intensification in severe climatic conditions. The paper presents perspectives for heap leaching of sulfide and mixed …
Challenges Related to the Processing of Fines in the Recovery of Platinum Group Minerals (PGMs) Kirsten C. Corin 1 ... In a study of the effect of milling circuits for a UG2 ore, it has been shown that on a ... sky, UG2, and Platreef of the BIC contain about 75% and 50% of the world s reserves of platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd), respectively ...
About 80% of the worlds' reserves for platinum group metals (PGMs) are in South Africa's Bushveld Igneous Complex. Processing of …
and flotation processing practice of treating PGMs in South Africa and Russia the world's leading producers of PGEs. 2. Geological Occurrence and Mineralogy of the Ore Bodies 2.1. South Africa In South Africa, the PGM-bearing ores are found in the Bushveld Complex, which contains extremely rich reserves of these minerals.
This manuscript reviews the current trends in the recovery of Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) from end-of-life autocatalysts and the aims of the recently funded Marie Sklodowska-Curie Project "Chemistry of Platinum …
Sources of Platinum Group Metals . Platinum gets its name from platina, meaning "little silver," because the Spaniards considered it an unwanted impurity in silver mining operations in Colombia.For the most part, PGMs are found together in ores. Ultramafic and mafic igneous rocks contain high levels of platinum group metals, the granites contain a low …
Mineable platinum group metal (PGM) deposits are rare and found in relatively few areas of the world. At the same time, the use of PGM is predicted to expand in green technology and energy ...
This is the oldest pyrometallurgical method for treating spent automobile catalysts and detecting PGMs. Lead capture is generally used in electric furnace. PGMs are separated from the carrier to obtain crude lead containing PGMs at high temperature, and then lead is oxidized in ash blowing furnace or converter to obtain PGMs enrichment (Fig. 8).
It was found that chalcopyrite–pyrrhotite ore and process products contain 26 PGMs species. Palladium minerals are dominant (16 species), Pt constitutes nine minerals …
Mineable platinum group metal (PGM) deposits are rare and found in relatively few areas of the world. At the same time, the use of PGM is predicted to expand in green technology and energy applications, and PGMs are …
1. Introduction. The availability of oxidized platinum group metal (PGM) ore deposits, at or near the earth's surface, present lucrative prospects for future PGM production …
revealed that the acid pretreatment of this weathered ore dissolved part of the passivating layer, thereby increasing flotation recoveries by 20% compared with untreated ore. The recovery achieved from the untreated ore was 50%, while acid pretreatment for 20 min increased the recovery to 70%. The observations by Ramonotsi [17] are consistent with
